Dialogues, vol. 5 - Laws, Index to the Writings of Plato by Plato

Author:Plato
Language: eng
Format: mobi, epub
Publisher: Liberty Fund, Inc.
Published: 2010-09-07T23:00:00+00:00

BOOK IV.

Athenian Stranger.

Laws IV. A THENIAN, CLEINIAS. The situation of the new colony:

And now, what will this city be? I 704do not mean to ask what is or will hereafter be the name of the place; that may be determined by the accident of locality or of the original settlement,—a river or fountain, or some local deity may give the sanction of a name to the newly-founded city; but I do want to know what the situation is, whether maritime or inland.

Cleinias.

I should imagine, Stranger, that the city of which we are speaking is about eighty stadia distant from the sea.

Ath.

And are there harbours on the seaboard?

Cle.

Excellent harbours, Stranger; there could not be better.

Ath.

Alas! what a prospect! And is the surrounding country productive, or in need of importations?

Cle.

Hardly in need of anything.

Ath.

And is there any neighbouring State?

Cle.

None whatever, and that is the reason for selecting the place; in days of old, there was a migration of the inhabitants, and the region has been deserted from time immemorial.

Ath.

And has the place a fair proportion of hill, and plain, and wood?

Cle.

Like the rest of Crete in that.

Ath.

You mean to say that there is more rock than plain?

Cle.

near the sea, and therefore favourable to virtue:

Exactly.

Ath.

self-supporting:

Then there is some hope that your citizens may be virtuous: had you been on the sea, and well provided with harbours, and an importing rather than a producing country, some mighty saviour would have been needed, and lawgivers more than mortal, if you were ever to have a chance of preserving your state from degeneracy and discordance of manners . But there is comfort in the eighty stadia; although the sea is too near, especially if, as you say, the harbours are so 705good. Still we may be content. The sea is pleasant enough as a daily companion, but has indeed also a bitter and brackish quality; filling the streets with merchants and shopkeepers, and begetting in the souls of men uncertain and unfaithful ways—making the state unfriendly and unfaithful both to her own citizens, and also to other nations. There is a consolation, therefore, in the country producing all things at home; and yet, owing to the ruggedness of the soil, not providing anything in great abundance. Had there been abundance, there might have been a great export trade, and a great return of gold and silver; which, as we may safely affirm, has the most fatal results on a State whose aim is the attainment of just and noble sentiments: this was said by us, if you remember, in the previous discussion .

Cle.

I remember, and am of opinion that we both were and are in the right.

Ath.

Well, but let me ask, how is the country supplied with timber for ship-building?

Cle.

deficient in timber;

There is no fir of any consequence, nor pine, and not much cypress; and you will find very little stone-pine or plane-wood, which shipwrights always require for the interior of ships.

Ath.

These are also natural advantages.

Cle.

Why so?

Ath.

Because no city ought to be easily able to imitate its enemies in what is mischievous.

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